https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-15251-1
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Regular black hole’s impact on the gravitational waveforms from periodic orbits
1
School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
2
New Uzbekistan University, Movarounnahr str. 1, 100000, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
3
Tashkent State Technical University, 100095, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
4
Institute of Fundamental and Applied Research, National Research University TIIAME, Kori Niyoziy 39, 100000, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
5
Institute for Theoretical Physics and Cosmology, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310023, Hangzhou, China
6
University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences, Str. Gavhar 1, 100149, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
7
Western Caspian University, AZ1001, Baku, Azerbaijan
8
Institute for Advanced Studies, New Uzbekistan University, Movarounnahr str. 1, Tashkent, 100000, Uzbekistan
9
Institute of Theoretical Physics, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan
10
United Center for Gravitational Wave Physics (UCGWP), Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China
a
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Received:
9
October
2025
Accepted:
20
December
2025
Published online:
5
February
2026
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate periodic orbits exhibiting zoom-whirl behavior around a magnetically charged black hole (MCBH) within the framework of the regular black hole. We examine how the magnetic charge influences orbital dynamics by modifying the background spacetime geometry, thereby affecting the energy and angular momentum of particles. In particular, we calculate the radii of the marginally bound orbits (MBOs) and innermost stable circular orbits (ISCOs), demonstrating that the magnetic charge parameter reduces both radii. This provides valuable insight into the role of the charge parameter in shaping orbital behavior and altering spacetime geometry. We model the complex motion of a stellar-mass object as a timelike particle, inspiraling into a supermassive black hole (SMBH) in the MCBH background, with its trajectory described using periodic geodesic orbits. Based on this analysis of such periodic orbits, we further analyze the gravitational waveforms generated by extreme mass ratio inspirals (EMRIs), in which the SMBH’s spacetime dominates the dynamics of the stellar-mass object. By combining particle trajectory analysis with waveform modeling in a semi-analytical approach, we show that the charge parameter significantly alters the zoom-whirl orbital dynamics and induces notable changes in the waveform structure. These results illustrate that future gravitational wave (GW) observations may constrain the properties of MCBHs, thereby deepening our understanding of the gravitational imprint of regular black holes.
© The Author(s) 2026
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Funded by SCOAP3.
