Mass spectrum of the states

Bing-Dong Wan; Jun-Hao Zhang; Yan Zhang

doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-15201-x

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2024 Impact factor 4.8

Particles and Fields

Open Access

Eur. Phys. J. C (2025) 85: 1431
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-15201-x

Regular Article - Theoretical Physics

Mass spectrum of the $Ω \bar{Ω}$ $\Omega \bar{\Omega }$ states

Bing-Dong Wan¹^,2^a, Jun-Hao Zhang¹^,2 and Yan Zhang¹^,2

¹ Department of Physics, Liaoning Normal University, 116029, Dalian, China
² Center for Theoretical and Experimental High Energy Physics, Liaoning Normal University, 116029, Dalian, China

^a This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Received: 3 November 2025
Accepted: 10 December 2025
Published online: 17 December 2025

Abstract

In this study, we investigate the mass spectrum of the $Ω \bar{Ω}$ $\Omega \bar{\Omega }$ states with quantum numbers $J^{PC} = 0^{- +}$ $J^{PC}=0^{-+}$ , $1^{- -}$ $1^{--}$ , $0^{+ +}$ $0^{++}$ , and $1^{+ +}$ $1^{++}$ within the framework of QCD sum rules. Employing suitably constructed interpolating currents, the analyses are carried out with the operator product expansion (OPE) including condensate contributions up to dimension 12. Our results indicate the existence of four possible baryonium states with masses $m_{0^{- +}} = (3.22 \pm 0.07)$ $m_{0^{-+}}=(3.22\pm 0.07)$ GeV, $m_{1^{- -}} = (3.28 \pm 0.08)$ $m_{1^{--}}=(3.28\pm 0.08)$ GeV, $m_{0^{+ +}} = (3.46 \pm 0.09)$ $m_{0^{++}}=(3.46\pm 0.09)$ GeV, and $m_{1^{+ +}} = (3.54 \pm 0.11)$ $m_{1^{++}}=(3.54\pm 0.11)$ GeV. For the $0^{- +}$ $0^{-+}$ and $1^{- -}$ $1^{--}$ states, the predicted masses lie below the corresponding dibaryon thresholds, suggesting possible bound-state configurations. In contrast, the $0^{+ +}$ $0^{++}$ and $1^{+ +}$ $1^{++}$ states are found above the respective thresholds, implying resonance-like behavior. Potential decay channels for these baryonium candidates are discussed, with emphasis on those accessible to current experimental facilities such as BESIII, Belle II, and LHCb.

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Funded by SCOAP³.

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Mass spectrum of the $Ω \bar{Ω}$ $\Omega \bar{\Omega }$ states