https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-15177-8
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Exclusive vector toponium photoproduction in hadronic collisions
1
Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Federal University of Pelotas, Postal Code 354, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
2
Departamento de Física, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 89219-710, Joinville, SC, Brazil
a
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Received:
19
October
2025
Accepted:
5
December
2025
Published online:
19
December
2025
An exploratory study of the exclusive production of a vector - toponium 
state by photon–hadron interactions is performed considering proton–proton and proton–nucleus collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and Future Circular Collider (FCC) energies. The scattering amplitude is calculated using the 
- factorization formalism assuming that the vector–toponium state can be described by a Gaussian light-cone wave function and considering different models for the unintegrated gluon distribution. Predictions for the rapidity distributions and total cross - sections are presented. Our results indicate that the experimental measurement of this final state will be very difficult for the expected integrated luminosities at the LHC and FCC.
© The Author(s) 2025
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Funded by SCOAP3.
