https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-15113-w
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
AdS black hole solution with a dark matter halo surrounded by a cloud of strings
1
Department of Physics, The Assam Royal Global University, 781035, Guwahati, Assam, India
2
Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Physics, Echahid Cheikh Larbi Tebessi University, 12001, Tebessa, Algeria
3
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física and Coordenação do Curso de Física-Bacharelado, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 65085-580, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
a
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Received:
19
September
2025
Accepted:
21
November
2025
Published online:
5
December
2025
We derive and analyze a Schwarzschild-like Anti-de Sitter (AdS) (BH) obtained as a static, spherically symmetric solution of Einstein’s equations sourced by a cloud of strings (CoS) and a dark matter (DM) halo modeled by a Dehnen-type density profile. We first study the geodesic motion of massless and massive test particles, emphasizing how the CoS parameter 
and the DM halo parameters 
influence photon spheres, circular orbits, the BH shadow, and the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO). We then examine scalar perturbations via the effective potential and the associated quasinormal-mode (QNM) spectra, showing how and deform oscillation frequencies and damping rates, thereby affecting stability diagnostics. Furthermore, we investigate the thermodynamics in the extended phase space, deriving the Hawking temperature, equation of state, Gibbs free energy, and specific heat capacity, and establishing a consistent first law and Smarr relation with natural work terms for and 
We find that the interplay between the CoS and the DM halo produces quantitative and sometimes qualitative changes in both dynamical and thermodynamic properties, including shifts in the Hawking–Page transition and heat-capacity divergences, thereby reshaping the phase structure of Schwarzschild–AdS BHs.
© The Author(s) 2025
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Funded by SCOAP3.
