https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-15090-0
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Torsion cosmology in the light of DESI, supernovae and CMB observational constraints
1
School of Physics and Optoelectronic, Yangtze University, 434023, Jingzhou, China
2
College of Physics, Hebei Normal University, 519082, Shijiazhuang, China
3
School of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-sen University, 050024, Zhuhai, China
4
National Centre for Nuclear Research, Pasteura 7, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
5
Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, China
Received:
7
October
2025
Accepted:
15
November
2025
Published online:
24
November
2025
In this work, we investigate a torsion-based cosmological model within the Einstein CCartan framework, constrained by the latest combined datasets including DESI DR2 BAO, PantheonPlus and DESY5 supernovae, and the full Planck 2018 CMB measurements (temperature, polarization, and joint NPIPE PR4 + ACT DR6 lensing). The torsion parameter is constrained to 
with the full dataset combination, consistent with zero at less than 
, while yielding a Hubble constant 
and matter clustering amplitude 
. The model shows notable potential in alleviating cosmological tensions, reducing the 
discrepancy with KiDS-1000 from 
in 
CDM to only 
. Model comparisons based on the Akaike information criterion show consistent improvements across all datasets, with 
values ranging from 
to 
, indicating a statistically preferred fit for the torsion model. These results suggest that the torsion framework provides a physically well-motivated extension to CDM, capable of simultaneously addressing key cosmological tensions while maintaining excellent agreement with diverse observational probes.
© The Author(s) 2025
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