Eur. Phys. J. C (2025) 85: 1210
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14876-6

Regular Article - Theoretical Physics

Electromagnetic polarizabilities of the spin-$\frac{3}{2}$ baryons in heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory

¹ School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
² School of Physics, Southeast University, 211189, Nanjing, China
³ Institut für Theoretische Physik II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780, Bochum, Germany
⁴ School of Physics and Center of High Energy Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China

^a This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Received: 30 July 2025
Accepted: 1 October 2025
Published online: 27 October 2025

Abstract

We employ Heavy Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory (HB$\chi$PT), a non-relativistic effective field theory that treats baryons as heavy static sources, to calculate the electromagnetic polarizabilities of spin-3/2 baryons in two sectors: the light-flavor decuplet baryons and singly heavy sextet baryons. We derive the analytical expressions up to $\mathcal{O}\left(p^3\right)$. Our results indicate that the long-range chiral corrections provide substantial contributions to the polarizabilities. In addition, magnetic dipole (M1) transitions of the baryons can significantly affect the magnetic polarizabilities and may reverse their signs. For the decuplet baryons, the ${\mathrm{\Delta }}^{+}$ and ${\mathrm{\Delta }}^0$ exhibit the largest electric polarizabilities. Their values, ${\alpha }_E({\mathrm{\Delta }}^{+})=(17.5\pm 9.5)\times {10}^{-4}{\text{fm}}^3$ and ${\alpha }_E({\mathrm{\Delta }}^0)=(17.0\pm 9.3)\times {10}^{-4}{\text{fm}}^3$, significantly exceed those typically observed for nucleons. Meanwhile, the electric polarizabilities of spin-3/2 singly heavy baryons are comparable to those of their spin-1/2 partners.