https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14720-x
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Investigating the wCDM model with latest DESI BAO observations
1
Department of Mathematics, Indira Gandhi University, 122502, Meerpur, Haryana, India
2
Department of Mathematics, Gurugram University, 122003, Gurugram, Haryana, India
3
Centre for Cosmology, Astrophysics and Space Science (CCASS), GLA University, 281 406, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
Received:
16
June
2025
Accepted:
30
August
2025
Published online:
17
September
2025
In this study, we explore the impact of various combinations of CMB-independent datasets, including the recent DESI BAO measurements, on the equation of state (EoS) of dark energy and other cosmological parameters within the framework of the dynamical dark energy model (wCDM). Assuming a constant EoS parameter for dark energy, we derive constraints on the free parameters of the model using observational datasets such as DESI BAO, BBN, Observational Hubble Data (OHD), and Pantheon Plus (SN
) and SH0ES. Our analysis examines the deviations of the wCDM model from the standard 
CDM scenario and assesses its implications for cosmological tensions, particularly the 
tension [
]. We find that the combination of DESI BAO + BBN + OHD + SN (DESI BAO + BBN + OHD + SN and SH0ES) datasets provides constraints on 
suggesting a possible deviation from the cosmological constant scenario at a significance level of 
respectively. Furthermore, we observe an inverse correlation between 
and 
which highlights the role of dark energy dynamics in resolving the tension by approximately 
from DESI BAO + BBN + OHD (DESI BAO + BBN + OHD + SN and SH0ES) datasets, respectively. Our findings offer valuable insights into the nature of dark energy and its influence on the cosmic expansion history, with implications for future observational efforts. We utilize the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) to evaluate our model’s performance. The results indicate that the wCDM model demonstrates superior effectiveness.
© The Author(s) 2025
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