https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11579-8
Regular Article - Experimental Physics
Measurement of 
production in pp collisions at 
TeV with the ATLAS detector
1
Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
2
Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
3
Department of Physics, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
4
Division of Physics, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Türkiye
5
LAPP, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS/IN2P3, Annecy, France
6
APC, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
7
High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
8
Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
9
Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
10
Physics Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
11
Physics Department, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, Greece
12
Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
13
Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan
14
Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
15
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
16
Physics Department, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
17
Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
18
University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS), Beijing, China
19
Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
20
Department for Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
21
Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
22
University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
23
Institut für Physik, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
24
Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics and Laboratory for High Energy Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
25
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
26
Department of Physics, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Türkiye
27
Department of Physics Engineering, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Türkiye
28
Department of Physics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
29
Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul, Türkiye
30
Facultad de Ciencias y Centro de Investigaciónes, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia
31
Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
32
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia A. Righi, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Colombia
33
INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
34
Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
35
Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
36
Department of Physics, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
37
Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
38
Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
39
Department of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
40
Physics Department, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
41
University Politehnica Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
42
West University in Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
43
Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
44
Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
45
Department of Subnuclear Physics, Institute of Experimental Physics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovak Republic
46
Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
47
Departamento de Física, y CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
48
California State University, Long Beach, CA, USA
49
Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
50
Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
51
iThemba Labs, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
52
Department of Mechanical Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
53
National Institute of Physics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
54
Department of Physics, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
55
University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, Richards Bay, South Africa
56
School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
57
Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
58
Faculté des Sciences Ain Chock, Réseau Universitaire de Physique des Hautes Energies - Université Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
59
Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn-Tofail, Kenitra, Morocco
60
Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, LPHEA-Marrakech, Marrakech, Morocco
61
LPMR, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohamed Premier, Oujda, Morocco
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Faculté des sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
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Institute of Applied Physics, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
64
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
65
Affiliated with an Institute Covered by a Cooperation Agreement with CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
66
Affiliated with an International Laboratory Covered by a Cooperation Agreement with CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
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Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
68
LPC, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, Clermont-Ferrand, France
69
Nevis Laboratory, Columbia University, Irvington, NY, USA
70
Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
71
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Rende, Italy
72
INFN Gruppo Collegato di Cosenza, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
73
Physics Department, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
74
Physics Department, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
75
National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Agia Paraskevi, Greece
76
Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
77
Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
78
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg and Zeuthen, Germany
79
Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
80
Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
81
Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
82
SUPA-School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
83
INFN e Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
84
Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
85
II. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
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Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Genoa, Italy
88
INFN Sezione di Genova, Genoa, Italy
89
II. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany
90
SUPA-School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
91
LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble INP, Grenoble, France
92
Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
93
Department of Modern Physics and State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
94
Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science and Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation (MOE), Shandong University, Qingdao, China
95
Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MOE), SKLPPC, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
96
Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai, China
97
Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
98
Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
99
Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
100
Department of Physics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
101
Department of Physics and Institute for Advanced Study, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
102
Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
103
IJCLab, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, 91405, Orsay, France
104
Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica (IMB-CNM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
105
Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
106
INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine, Sezione di Trieste, Udine, Italy
107
ICTP, Trieste, Italy
108
Dipartimento Politecnico di Ingegneria e Architettura, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy
109
INFN Sezione di Lecce, Lecce, Italy
110
Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
111
INFN Sezione di Milano, Milan, Italy
112
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
113
INFN Sezione di Napoli, Naples, Italy
114
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
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INFN Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
116
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
118
Dipartimento di Fisica E. Fermi, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
119
INFN Sezione di Roma, Rome, Italy
120
Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
121
INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
122
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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INFN Sezione di Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
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Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
125
INFN-TIFPA, Povo, Italy
126
Università degli Studi di Trento, Trento, Italy
127
Universität Innsbruck, Department of Astro and Particle Physics, Innsbruck, Austria
128
University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
129
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
130
Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Brazil
131
Universidade Federal do Rio De Janeiro COPPE/EE/IF, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
132
Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
133
Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
134
KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
135
Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
136
Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
137
Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
138
Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
139
Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
140
Kyoto University of Education, Kyoto, Japan
141
Research Center for Advanced Particle Physics and Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
142
Instituto de Física La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata and CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
143
Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
144
Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
145
Department of Experimental Particle Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute and Department of Physics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
146
School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
147
Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK
148
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, UK
149
Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA, USA
150
Fysiska institutionen, Lunds universitet, Lund, Sweden
151
Departamento de Física Teorica C-15 and CIAFF, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
152
Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
153
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
154
CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille, France
155
Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
156
Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
157
School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
158
Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
159
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
160
Group of Particle Physics, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
161
Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
162
Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), Munich, Germany
163
Graduate School of Science and Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
164
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
165
Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Radboud University/Nikhef, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
166
Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
167
Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
168
New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
169
United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
170
University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
171
Department of Physics, New York University, New York, NY, USA
172
Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
173
Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
174
Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
175
Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
176
Joint Laboratory of Optics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
177
Institute for Fundamental Science, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
178
Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
179
Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
180
Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
181
LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
182
Department of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
183
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
184
Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas-LIP, Lisbon, Portugal
185
Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
186
Departamento de Física, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
187
Centro de Física Nuclear da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
188
Departamento de Física, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
189
Departamento de Física Teórica y del Cosmos, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
190
Departamento de Física, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
191
Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
192
Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
193
Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
194
Particle Physics Department, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, UK
195
IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
196
Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
197
Departamento de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
198
Millennium Institute for Subatomic Physics at High Energy Frontier (SAPHIR), Santiago, Chile
199
Instituto de Investigación Multidisciplinario en Ciencia y Tecnología, y Departamento de Física, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile
200
Department of Physics, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
201
Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
202
Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaiso, Chile
203
Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
204
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
205
Department of Physics, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
206
Department Physik, Universität Siegen, Siegen, Germany
207
Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
208
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, CA, USA
209
Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
210
Departments of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
211
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
212
School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
213
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
214
E. Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
215
High Energy Physics Institute, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
216
University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
217
Department of Physics, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
218
Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
219
Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
220
International Center for Elementary Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
221
Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
222
Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
223
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC, Canada
224
Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
225
Division of Physics and Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
226
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
227
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
228
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
229
Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
230
Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
231
Department of Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
232
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
233
Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
234
Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
235
Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
236
Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
237
Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
238
Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Fachgruppe Physik, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
239
Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
240
Institute Covered by a Cooperation Agreement with CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
241
Borough of Manhattan Community College, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
242
Bruno Kessler Foundation, Trento, Italy
243
Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
244
Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece
245
Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy
246
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
247
Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
248
Departament de Fisica de la Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
249
Department of Financial and Management Engineering, University of the Aegean, Chios, Greece
250
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
251
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
252
Department of Physics, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
253
Department of Physics, California State University, East Bay, USA
254
Department of Physics, California State University, Sacramento, USA
255
Department of Physics, King’s College London, London, UK
256
Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
257
Department of Physics, University of Thessaly, Vólos, Greece
258
Department of Physics, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, USA
259
Hellenic Open University, Patras, Greece
260
Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
261
Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
262
Institute of Applied Physics, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
263
Institute of Particle Physics (IPP), Toronto, Canada
264
Institute of Physics and Technology, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
265
Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan
266
Institute of Theoretical Physics, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
267
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA
268
III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
269
The Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter (CICQM), Beijing, China
270
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC, Canada
271
Università di Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy
272
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China
273
Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA
274
Washington College, Chestertown, MD, USA
275
Physics Department, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
276
CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
Received:
29
November
2022
Accepted:
2
May
2023
Published online:
27
June
2023
Cross-sections for the production of a Z boson in association with two photons are measured in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data used correspond to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb
recorded by the ATLAS experiment during Run 2 of the LHC. The measurements use the electron and muon decay channels of the Z boson, and a fiducial phase-space region where the photons are not radiated from the leptons. The integrated 
cross-section is measured with a precision of 12% and differential cross-sections are measured as a function of six kinematic variables of the system. The data are compared with predictions from MC event generators which are accurate to up to next-to-leading order in QCD. The cross-section measurements are used to set limits on the coupling strengths of dimension-8 operators in the framework of an effective field theory.
D. Bruncko, I. A. Budagov, E. Fullana Torregrosa, V. Gratchev, J. Olszowska, L. Perini, S.Yu. Sivoklokov: Deceased.
© The Author(s) 2023
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