https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09236-z
Regular Article - Experimental Physics
MUSiC: a model-unspecific search for new physics in proton–proton collisions at 
1
Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia
2
Institut für Hochenergiephysik, Wien, Austria
3
Institute for Nuclear Problems, Minsk, Belarus
4
Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium
5
Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
6
Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
7
Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
8
Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
9
Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
10
Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
11
Universidade Estadual Paulista, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Paulo, Brazil
12
Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
13
University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
14
Beihang University, Beijing, China
15
Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
16
Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, China
17
State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
18
Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
19
Institute of Modern Physics and Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
20
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
21
Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
22
Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
23
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, Split, Croatia
24
Faculty of Science, University of Split, Split, Croatia
25
Institute Rudjer Boskovic, Zagreb, Croatia
26
University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
27
Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
28
Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
29
Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
30
Academy of Scientific Research and Technology of the Arab Republic of Egypt, Egyptian Network of High Energy Physics, Cairo, Egypt
31
Center for High Energy Physics (CHEP-FU), Fayoum University, El-Fayoum, Egypt
32
National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
33
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
34
Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki, Finland
35
Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland
36
IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
37
Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
38
Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, Strasbourg, France
39
Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS-IN2P3, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
40
Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
41
I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
42
III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
43
III. Physikalisches Institut B, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
44
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
45
University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
46
Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie, Karlsruhe, Germany
47
Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics (INPP), NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
48
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
49
National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
50
University of Ioánnina, Ioánnina, Greece
51
MTA-ELTE Lendület CMS Particle and Nuclear Physics Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
52
Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
53
Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
54
Institute of Physics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
55
Eszterhazy Karoly University, Karoly Robert Campus, Gyongyos, Hungary
56
Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, India
57
National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Bhubaneswar, India
58
Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
59
University of Delhi, Delhi, India
60
Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, Kolkata, India
61
Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Madras, India
62
Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
63
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-A, Mumbai, India
64
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-B, Mumbai, India
65
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, India
66
Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
67
Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
68
University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
69
INFN Sezione di Bari , Università di Bari, Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
70
INFN Sezione di Bologna, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
71
INFN Sezione di Catania, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
72
INFN Sezione di Firenze, Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
73
INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
74
INFN Sezione di Genova, Università di Genova, Genoa, Italy
75
INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
76
INFN Sezione di Napoli , Università di Napoli ’Federico , Napoli, Italy, Università della Basilicata , Potenza, Italy, Università G. Marconi, Rome, Italy
77
INFN Sezione di Padova , Università di Padova , Padova, Italy, Università di Trento, Trento, Italy
78
INFN Sezione di Pavia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
79
INFN Sezione di Perugia, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
80
INFN Sezione di Pisa , Università di Pisa, Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
81
INFN Sezione di Roma, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
82
INFN Sezione di Torino , Università di Torino , Turin, Italy, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
83
INFN Sezione di Trieste, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
84
Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
85
Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Kwangju, Korea
86
Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
87
Korea University, Seoul, Korea
88
Department of Physics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
89
Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
90
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
91
University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea
92
Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
93
Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
94
College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East (AUM), Egaila, Kuwait
95
Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
96
Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
97
National Centre for Particle Physics, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
98
Universidad de Sonora (UNISON), Hermosillo, Mexico
99
Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
100
Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
101
Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
102
Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
103
University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
104
University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
105
University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
106
National Centre for Physics, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
107
Electronics and Telecommunications, AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
108
National Centre for Nuclear Research, Swierk, Poland
109
Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
110
Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, Lisbon, Portugal
111
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
112
Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina (St. Petersburg), Russia
113
Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
114
Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics named by A.I. Alikhanov of NRC ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia
115
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
116
National Research Nuclear University ‘Moscow Engineering Physics Institute’ (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia
117
P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
118
Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
119
Novosibirsk State University (NSU), Novosibirsk, Russia
120
Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Centre ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Protvino, Russia
121
National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
122
Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
123
University of Belgrade: Faculty of Physics and VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
124
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
125
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
126
Instituto Universitario de Ciencias y Tecnologías Espaciales de Asturias (ICTEA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
127
Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
128
University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
129
Department of Physics, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka
130
CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland
131
Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
132
ETH Zurich-Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics (IPA), Zurich, Switzerland
133
Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
134
National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
135
National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei, Taiwan
136
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
137
Physics Department, Science and Art Faculty, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
138
Physics Department, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
139
Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
140
Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
141
Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
142
Institute for Scintillation Materials of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
143
National Scientific Center, Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkiv, Ukraine
144
University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
145
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, UK
146
Imperial College, London, UK
147
Brunel University, Uxbridge, UK
148
Baylor University, Waco, USA
149
Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
150
The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA
151
Boston University, Boston, USA
152
Brown University, Providence, USA
153
University of California, Davis, Davis, USA
154
University of California, Los Angeles, USA
155
University of California, Riverside, Riverside, USA
156
University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
157
Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, USA
158
California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
159
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA
160
University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, USA
161
Cornell University, Ithaca, USA
162
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, USA
163
University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
164
Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
165
Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, USA
166
University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, USA
167
The University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
168
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
169
The University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA
170
Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA
171
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA
172
University of Maryland, College Park, USA
173
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
174
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
175
University of Mississippi, Oxford, USA
176
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
177
State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA
178
Northeastern University, Boston, USA
179
Northwestern University, Evanston, USA
180
University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, USA
181
The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
182
Princeton University, Princeton, USA
183
University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, USA
184
Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
185
Purdue University Northwest, Hammond, USA
186
Rice University, Houston, USA
187
University of Rochester, Rochester, USA
188
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, USA
189
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
190
Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
191
Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA
192
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
193
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
194
Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
195
University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
196
Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
197
Institute of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt
198
Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
199
IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
200
Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
201
Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
202
UFMS, Nova Andradina, Brazil
203
Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
204
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
205
Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics named by A.I. Alikhanov of NRC ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia
206
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
207
Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
208
Zewail City of Science and Technology, Zewail, Egypt
209
British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
210
Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
211
Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
212
Université de Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France
213
Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
214
Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
215
CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland
216
III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
217
University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
218
Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
219
Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany
220
Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
221
Institute of Physics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
222
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
223
MTA-ELTE Lendület CMS Particle and Nuclear Physics Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
224
Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
225
IIT Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India
226
Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India
227
G.H.G. Khalsa College, Punjab, India
228
Shoolini University, Solan, India
229
University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
230
University of Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India
231
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Mumbai, India
232
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
233
Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran, Behshahr, Iran
234
INFN Sezione di Bari , Università di Bari , Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
235
Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Bologna, Italy
236
Centro Siciliano di Fisica Nucleare e di Struttura Della Materia, Catania, Italy
237
Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
238
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Mexico City, Mexico
239
Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Electronic Systems, Warsaw, Poland
240
Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
241
National Research Nuclear University ‘Moscow Engineering Physics Institute’ (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia
242
Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
243
St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
244
University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
245
Imperial College, London, UK
246
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
247
P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
248
California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
249
Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
250
Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
251
Trincomalee Campus, Eastern University, Nilaveli, Sri Lanka
252
INFN Sezione di Pavia , Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
253
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
254
Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
255
Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics, Vienna, Austria
256
Laboratoire d’Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, IN2P3-CNRS, Annecy-le-Vieux, France
257
Şırnak University, Sirnak, Turkey
258
Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
259
Near East University, Research Center of Experimental Health Science, Nicosia, Turkey
260
Beykent University, Istanbul, Turkey
261
Application and Research Center for Advanced Studies (App. & Res. Cent. for Advanced Studies), Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
262
Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
263
Piri Reis University, Istanbul, Turkey
264
Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
265
Ozyegin University, Istanbul, Turkey
266
Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
267
Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
268
Bozok Universitetesi Rektörlügü, Yozgat, Turkey
269
Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
270
Milli Savunma University, Istanbul, Turkey
271
Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
272
Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
273
Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
274
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
275
IPPP Durham University, Durham, UK
276
Faculty of Science, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
277
Bethel University, St. Paul, Minneapolis, USA
278
Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
279
Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
280
Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
281
Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
282
Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey
283
Mimar Sinan University, Istanbul, Turkey
284
Department of Physics, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
285
Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar
286
Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
287
CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
a
cms-publication-committee-chair@cern.ch
Received:
6
October
2020
Accepted:
13
May
2021
Published online:
19
July
2021
Results of the Model Unspecific Search in CMS (MUSiC), using proton–proton collision data recorded at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13
, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9
, are presented. The MUSiC analysis searches for anomalies that could be signatures of physics beyond the standard model. The analysis is based on the comparison of observed data with the standard model prediction, as determined from simulation, in several hundred final states and multiple kinematic distributions. Events containing at least one electron or muon are classified based on their final state topology, and an automated search algorithm surveys the observed data for deviations from the prediction. The sensitivity of the search is validated using multiple methods. No significant deviations from the predictions have been observed. For a wide range of final state topologies, agreement is found between the data and the standard model simulation. This analysis complements dedicated search analyses by significantly expanding the range of final states covered using a model independent approach with the largest data set to date to probe phase space regions beyond the reach of previous general searches.
© The Author(s) 2021
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Funded by SCOAP3
